Brain and nerve surgery or neurosurgery; is a surgical specialty dealing with the treatment of central and peripheral nervous system disorders via mechanical intervention.

Surgeries performed by brain and nerve surgery include: Tumors, vascular anomalies (Aneurysm, Arteriovenous malformations, etc.), congenital malformations (meningomyelocele, hydrocephalus, etc.), degenerations, lumbar and cervical disc herniations, traumas, and hemorrhages of the brain, spinal cord, spine, and peripheral nerves.